Also called pressure ulcers or decubitus ulcers, are injuries to skin and underlying tissues resulting from prolonged pressure on the skin. Bedsores most often develop on bony areas of the body, such as the heels, ankles, hips, and tailbone. They usually occur in patients who have limitations in movements due to medical conditions, spending too much time in a bed or chair. They are classified by stages from superficial to deep penetrating to bone

These are slow-healing wounds that commonly appear on the feet. These ulcers are a complication of diabetes that often stem from a lack of sensation (diabetic neuropathy) or blood flow (diabetes affecting micro-circulation) in the affected area. Without treatment and management, it can result in severe complications.

These wounds develop due to poor venous return from the legs. Due to the chronically dysfunctional veins (chronic venous insufficiency), the veins cannot adequately transport blood quickly from the legs back to the heart. The valves that stop the flow of blood back into the veins become incompetent, causing blood to pool and widen the veins. This so-called stasis damages the smallest blood vessels (capillaries), affecting delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues.

These ulcers are also known as Ischemic Ulcers or Ischemic Wounds. They develop as a result of damage to the arteries due to lack of blood flow to the tissues. They are commonly caused by peripheral artery disease (PAD). Unlike other ulcers, these leg wounds can take months to heal, if they heal at all.

A burn wound is damage to the skin and underlying tissues caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, sunlight, or radiation. Burns are categorized by their severity:

First-degree burns affect only the outer layer of skin (epidermis), causing redness and pain.

Second-degree burns involve the deeper layers of skin (dermis), leading to blistering, swelling, and more intense pain.

Third-degree burns penetrate all skin layers, potentially affecting muscles, nerves, and bones, often resulting in numbness or severe scarring.

Proper treatment of burn wounds is essential to prevent infection, promote healing, and minimize long-term damage or scarring. Advanced wound care can significantly enhance recovery and improve outcomes for patients with burns.

Skin substitutes in wound care refer to medical products or materials designed to replace or augment natural skin tissue in the treatment of wounds.

Pressure-relieving devices refer to specialized equipment designed to alleviate or distribute pressure on specific part of the body.

Education and prevention in wound care involve strategies aimed at informing individuals and caregivers appropriate strategies and instructions to help provide the best possible outcome in caring for a patient’s wound.

Specialized dressings in wound care refer to a variety of medical dressings designed for specific therapeutic purposes.

Wound debridement is a crucial procedure in the optimal care of wounds. Compression therapy is a widely used medical technique.